S. 43B : Deductions on actual payment-Employees’ contributions to provident fund and employees’ State Insurance Contribution-Paid before due date of filing return-Entitle to deduction. [S. 139 (1)]

S. 43(6) : Written down value-Depreciation-Block of assets-Assessing Officer to reduce only sale proceeds from written down value of block of assets and allow depreciation on balance of written down value. [S. 2(11), 45, 50]

S. 40A(2) : Expenses or payments not deductible-Excessive or unreasonable-Salary paid to Directors-Failure of the Assessing Officer to substantiate-Deletion of addition is held to be valid.

S. 40(a)(ia) : Amounts not deductible-Deduction at source-Payment Received as partner of joint venture-Amount paid to joint venture partner diverted by overriding title-Disallowance not sustainable.

S. 40(a)(ia) : Amounts not deductible-Deduction at source-Commission-Non-Resident-Matter remanded for verification. [S. 195]

S. 40(a)(i) : Amounts not deductible-Deduction at source-Non-resident –Service rendered outside India-Not liable to deduct tax at source.

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Loss on revaluation of business advances-Loss on account of foreign exchange rate fluctuation as on date of balance-sheet is allowable as deduction. [S. 28(1)]

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Capital or revenue-Expenses on repairs, supply of consumables, and recalibration of machinery-No new asset coming into existence-Allowable as revenue expenses.

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Expenditure incurred on celebration of Ireland-Not allowable as business expenditure-Unverifiable and personal element involved-Disallowance of 20 Per Cent. is up held.

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Club membership fees for employees and entertainment of customers-Allowable as business expenses.