S. 23 : Income from house property-Annual value-Arreras of rent-No retrospective fixation of fair rent-Orders increasing fair rent for year 2019 and for year 2022 were passed only on 24-1-2024, when lease had ended between parties, only arrears need to be determined-Common practice and also laid down in Government Order that 15 per cent increase can be made for every three years-In best interest of resolving dispute between parties, a reasonable 15 per cent increase shall be taken and calculated and submissions made to contrary shall be rejected.[S. 22, Art. 226]

S. 10AA : Special economic zones-Failure to file audit report in Form 56F along with the return-Rectification application-Assessee had duly fulfilled substantial requirement as well as procedural requirement, though there was a minor technical breach in fulfilment of procedural requirement, delay in filing Form 56F would not be fatal to substantive claim of assessee-Order of tribunal affirmed.[S. 143(1), 154, 260A, Form 56F]

S. 9(1)(vii) : Income deemed to accrue or arise in India-Fees for technical services-Repair and maintenance services of aircraft equipment to Indian airline operators-Services did not involve any transfer of technology, know or skill-Receipts are not taxable as FTS-DTAA-India-USA [Art. 12(4)]

S. 9(1)(vii) : Income deemed to accrue or arise in India-Fees for technical services-Global online learning platform-Online courses and degrees from universities, companies-Receipts are not taxable as fees for included services (FIS)-DTAA-India-USA.[Art. 12]

S. 9(1)(vi) : Income deemed to accrue or arise in India-Royalty-Payments made to non-resident telecom operators-Telecommunication service provider, for providing interconnect services and transfer of capacity in foreign countries-Not chargeable to tax as royalty-Not liable to deduct tax at source-SLP of revenue dismissed-OECD Model Convention, Art 12. [S.195]

S. 4 : Charge of income-tax-Non-refundable one time life membership fee received by club from members-Capital receipt.[S.28(i)]

S. 2(14)(iii) : Capital asset-Agricultural land-adventure in nature of trade-Capital gains-Business income. [S. 10(37), 28(i), 45, 260A]

S. 263 : Commissioner – Revision of orders prejudicial to revenue –
Capital gains – Business income from share transactions – Principle of consistency to be followed – Once similar income was accepted as capital gains in earlier and subsequent years, same cannot be assessed as business income in the year under consideration merely on the basis of earlier adverse view- Order of Tribunal quashing the revision order is affirmed . [ S. 10(38 ) 45 ,68 , 94(7) 111A, 260A ]

S. 147 Reassessment – With in four years- Change of opinion –Survey – Penny stock – Alleged bogus business loss – AO had specifically examined the assessee’s loss in shares of Shree Nath Commercial and Finance Ltd- Reopening was subsequently based on the very same survey material, Kolkata Investigation Wing report on penny stocks, and the same disclosed transactions, the reopening was invalid as being founded merely on a change of opinion – Notice u/s 148 and reassessment quashed . [S. 14A, 133A, 143(2), 142(1), 143(3), 148]

S.54F : Capital gains- Investment in a residential house – Tenancy rights – Redevelopment –Income from other sources – Flat received on surrender of tenancy rights – Not taxable u/s 56(2)(x) – Exemption u/s 54F allowable. [S. 2(14), 2(47), 45 , 56(2)(x)]