Assessee, a SEBI-regulated Category III AIF trust, sought advance ruling on whether section 164 applied merely because names of investors/beneficial interests were not mentioned in the original trust deed. The BAR, relying on CBDT Circular No. 13 of 2014, held that in absence of such particulars in the original trust deed, the trust was indeterminate and liable to maximum marginal rate in the hands of trustees. Allowing the writ petition, the Delhi High Court held that under section 12 of the SEBI Act and regulations 3, 4, 6 and 7 of the SEBI (AIF) Regulations, an AIF cannot accept commitments/investments until registration is obtained; hence, at the stage of execution/registration of the original trust deed, it is legally impossible to name investors or specify their beneficial interests. Law does not compel performance of the impossible and the maxim lex non cogit ad impossibilia squarely applied. Once the investors and their shares became ascertainable/determinable under contribution agreements after registration, the requirement of certainty stood satisfied and section 164(1) was not attracted. The Court also held that para 6 of CBDT Circular No. 13 of 2014, suggesting that contrary High Court decisions would operate only within that High Court’s territorial jurisdiction, was contrary to settled judicial discipline, since a decision of a Constitutional Court on a pure question of law binds Revenue authorities nationwide unless overturned. Accordingly, the order of Board for Advance Rulings quashed and set aside.
Equity Intelligence AIF Trust v. CBDT (2025) 480 ITR 278 / 306 Taxman 214 (Delhi)(HC).
S. 164 : Representative assessee—Charge of tax—Beneficiaries unknown—Alternative Investment Fund (Category III)—Where SEBI law prohibits an AIF from accepting investments or identifying investors before registration, non-mention of investors/beneficial interests in original trust deed cannot attract maximum marginal rate under section 164—Doctrine of impossibility (“lex non cogit ad impossibilia”) applied—Once beneficiaries and their shares become determinable under contribution agreements, requirement of law stands satisfied—CBDT Circular No. 13 of 2014 could not be applied in such impossible circumstances—Board for Advance Rulings order quashed. [Ss. 161, 245Q, 245R(4), SEBI Act, 1992, s. 12, SEBI (AIF) Regulations, 2012, regs. 3, 6(3), Art. 226]
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