S. 45 : Capital gains-sub-tenancy right-capital asset- Gains on surrender is liable to capital gains tax and not income from other sources. [S. 14, 55(2), 56]

S. 28(i) : Business loss-Held to be not allowable as not carried out any business activity in his individual capacity during the year.

S. 4 : Charge of income-tax–Association of persons-Mutuality- Assessee is not claimed the benefit of mutuality-AO cannot suo motu assessee the part of income as mutuality. [S. 2(31)(v)]

S. 2(22)(e) : Deemed dividend-Loan to a share holder–Not in the business of lending of money–Holding more than 10 percent voting power – Assessable as deemed dividend.

S. 2(15) : Charitable purpose–School-Expenditure incurred on catering services for maintenance of its boarding school- Held to be educational purposes –Entitle to exemption. [S. 11, 13, 12AA]

S. 271(1)(c) : Penalty – Concealment –Disallowance of expenses –Full details are disclosed – Levy of penalty is held to be not justified.

S. 245D : Settlement Commission – Power- Settlement Commission does not have power to reduce or waive interest statutorily payable under S. 234A, 234B, and 234C of the Act – Matter remanded to settlement Commission .[ S. 154, 234A, 234B, 234C,245D(4),245D(6), 245F]

S.139AA:Quoting of Aadhaar number-From assessment years 2019-20 ,linkage of PAN with Aadhaar card is mandatory .

S.54F : Capital gains- Investment in a residential house – Construction activities of the new house started before the date of sale of original asset – Beneficial provision and should be liberally interpreted- Entitle to exemption . [ S.45 ]

S. 115JB : Book profit – Banking – Insurance – Electricity company- Are not company bound by provisions of Companies Act – (Pre amendment by Finance Act, 2012)-Provision is not applicable to a banking company , insurance & electricity cos- The mechanism provided for computing book profit in terms of S. 115JB(2) is wholly unworkable for a banking company- When the machinery provision fails, the charging section also fails-Provision is not applicable -The anomaly was removed by the Finance Act, 2012-However, the amendments are neither declaratory nor clarificatory but make substantive and significant legislative changes which are applicable prospectively.