S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Commission payment-Consultancy charges-TDS was deducted-Payment by account cheque-Failure to provide the nature of service rendered-Disallowance of payment was affirmed.

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Commission-Documents produced-Direct nexus between commission paid and income generated-Even in the absence of any agreement with the commission agent, simply introducing or referring potential customers the commission payment is allowable as deduction.

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Capital or revenue-Product development expenses-Allowable as revenue expenditure-Provision for customer claims-Matter restored to Assessing Officer to examine claim in accordance with principles laid down by Supreme Court-Provision for bad and doubtful debts–Matter restored to Assessing Officer.

S .37(1) : Business expenditure-Short fall in inventory written off-Allowable as deduction-Purchase of tools allowable as revenue expenditure-Provision for warranty-Allowable as deduction-Lability for erection and commissioning placed upon shoulders of assessee-Provision at rate of one per cent. to three per cent. determined on basis of past experience-Matter remanded to the Assessing Officer. [S. 28(1)]

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Prior period expenses-Payments were made when actual bills received after crystallisation of expenditure-Allowable as deduction. [S. 145]

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Additional payment to avoid litigation-Deduction not claimed-Disallowance is not warranted.

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Diversion by overriding title-Matter remanded. [S. 40A(2)]

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Ceremony expenses-Disallowance at 30 Per Cent is held to be justified.

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Travelling expenses-Personal use-Disallowance of 20 Per Cent. for personal use is held to be justified.

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Payment to Mosque for free lunch to Assessee’s employees-Mosque not under control of assessee-Free Lunch not provided exclusively to Labourers of assessee-Not allowable as deduction.