S. 9(1)(i) : Income deemed to accrue or arise in India-Business connection-Object of Agreement is to prevent Double taxation avoidance double taxation and not to facilitate avoidance or evasion of tax-Assessee must prove transaction is taxable in its State of residence Assessee must establish that it is a resident of contracting State Tax residency certificate alone not sufficient-Sale is of shares of Indian company not germane Onus on assessee to disprove presumption of tax avoidance-Capital gains-Transfer of shares in foreign entity-Advance rulings-Jurisdiction of authority-An arrangement impermissible under law-Not entitled to claim exemption under Agreement-Capital gains arising from transfers effected after cut-off date, i. e., 1-4-2017 taxable in India-Interpretation of taxing statutes-Double taxation avoidance-Conventions Must be read harmoniously with other provisions of Act-International taxation Power to enter into treaties is an incident of sovereign authority of State-Sovereign right to impose tax on global income of its residents and on income that accrues or arises within its territorial limits-Legislative powers-Parliament Right to bring in a law to remove basis of a judicial-Central Board of Direct Taxes-Circulars-Effect regime in which issued-Cannot override subsequent statutory amendments-Avoidance of tax-General principles-That the High Court was not right in relying upon judgments rendered prior to the amendment of the provisions, wherein, by necessary amendment, the mere existence of a tax residency certificate was now held to be insufficient to establish the resident status of the applicant in the other State-DTAA-India-Mauritius [S.90, Art. 13, 27A]