S. 37(1): Business expenditure -Ad hoc disallowance -No defect in books of account or audited accounts -Disallowance not sustainable. [S. 44AB, 145]

S. 37(1): Business expenditure-Foreign exchange fluctuation loss -Mark-to-market loss -Reinstatement of assets and liabilities -Allowable as a deduction. [S.28(1)]

S.37(1): Business expenditure-Grants-in-aid -Expenditure for promotion of housing and urban development -Allowable as a deduction.

S. 37(1): Business expenditure-Prior period expenditure -Crystallisation of liability –Allowable in year of claim, subject to verification. [S. 145]

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure -Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) expenditure-Assessment years prior to 01.04.2015-Allowable as deduction.

S. 37(1) : Business expenditure-Stock-in-trade -Conversion and development expenses-AO disallowed expenditure treating same as capital expenditure-Assessee demonstrated that amount was included in closing stock -Adjustment was revenue neutral -Addition was unjustified.

S. 36(1)(viii): Eligible business-Special reserve-Interest on FDRs and project loan bonds -Eligible business income -Deduction available.

S. 36(1)(va): Employees’ contribution to PF/ESI -Prima facie adjustment under section 143(1) -Matter remanded for verification of employees’ and employer’s contributions. [S. 43B, 139(1), 143(1)(a)(iv)]

S.28(i): Business income-Application fees, front-end fees and processing fees -Recognition on realization basis –Addition on an accrual basis was deleted.[S. 4, 5, 145]

S. 14A: Disallowance of expenditure relating to exempt income -Recording of satisfaction by Assessing Officer is mandatory-Business loss -Allowable as deduction. [S. 28(i), 37(1)]