Where the assesee was a captive company rendering software development services to its parent company and was entitled to receive actual cost + 5% and it was agreed that the Transactional Net Margin Method (“TNMM”) was the appropriate method for determining arms’ length price.

The issue of notice under s. 143 (2) I. T. Act within the time limit is mandatory for block assessment proceedings. If notice u/s 143 (2) is issued beyond the time limit, the block assessment order passed u/s 158BC is not valid.

The process of pasteurisation of milk does not amount to manufacture / processing for purposes of sections 80-I and 80-HHA as while pastuerised milk is improved in quality, it is not a commercially different product as compared to raw milk.

It is not mandatory for an asseessee to claim depreciation prior to the insertion of Explanation 5 to s. 32. Vahid Paper Converter vs. ITO 100 TTJ 532 (Ahd) (SB) distinguished.