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DATE: January 22, 2015 (Date of pronouncement)
DATE: January 23, 2015 (Date of publication)
AY: 2009-10
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CITATION:
S. 2(15)/ 10(23C)(iv): If the definition of "charitable purpose" is construed literally, it is violative of the principles of equality & unconstitutional. If the dominant object is not to carry on business or trade or commerce, then an incidental or ancillary activity for which a fee is charged does not destroy the character of a charitable institution

The expression “charitable purpose”, as defined in Section 2(15) cannot be construed literally and in absolute terms. It has to take colour and be considered in the context of Section 10(23C)(iv) of the said Act. It is also clear that if the literal interpretation is given to the proviso to Section 2(15) of the said Act, then the proviso would be at risk of running foul of the principle of equality enshrined in Article 14 of the Constitution India. In order to save the Constitutional validity of the proviso, the same would have to be read down and interpreted in the context of Section 10(23C)(iv) because, in our view, the context requires such an interpretation. The correct interpretation of the proviso to Section 2(15) of the said Act would be that it carves out an exception from the charitable purpose of advancement of any other object of general public utility and that exception is limited to activities in the nature of trade, commerce or business or any activity of rendering any service in relation to any trade, commerce or business for a cess or fee or any other consideration. In both the activities, in the nature of trade, commerce or business or the activity of rendering any service in relation to any trade, commerce or business, the dominant and the prime objective has to be seen. If the dominant and prime objective of the institution, which claims to have been established for charitable purposes, is profit making, whether its activities are directly in the nature of trade, commerce or business or indirectly in the rendering of any service in relation to any trade, commerce or business, then it would not be entitled to claim its object to be a ‘charitable purpose’. On the flip side, where an institution is not driven primarily by a desire or motive to earn profits, but to do charity through the advancement of an object of general public utility, it cannot but be regarded as an institution established for charitable purposes

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DATE: January 20, 2015 (Date of pronouncement)
DATE: January 23, 2015 (Date of publication)
AY: 2007-08
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CITATION:
S. 2(22)(e) has to be construed strictly. If assessee is not a shareholder of lending co, s. 2(22)(e) does not apply even if funds are ultimately paid by Co in which assessee is a shareholder

The submission on behalf of the Revenue made before us is that one has to look at the substance of the transaction and that if one looks at the substance, then the Assessee would be chargeable to tax. This is not acceptable as fiscal status have to be interpreted strictly. Section 2 (22)(e) of the Act creates a fiction by bringing to tax an amount as dividend when the amount so received is otherwise then dividend. On a strict interpretation of Section 2(22)(e) of the Act, unless the Assessee is the shareholder of the company lending him money, no occasion to apply it can arise

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DATE: January 19, 2015 (Date of pronouncement)
DATE: January 22, 2015 (Date of publication)
AY: 2009-10
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CITATION:
S. 14A/ Rule 8D: (i) Expenditure (like audit fees) required to be incurred irrespective of income cannot be disallowed, (ii) investments in subsidiaries are not to earn dividend income and cannot be considered for disallowance

It is also evident from the balance sheet of the Appellant Co., its investments in shares were only in two subsidiary companies. Such investments in subsidiary companies were made by the Appellant to acquire/promote the subsidiary companies which are in the media business and were not made purely for earning dividend income. Neither any dividend income has been earned since the time such investments were made in the shares of the subsidiary companies. Hence, such investments cannot be considered for disallowance u/s 14A read with Rule 8D

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DATE: January 14, 2015 (Date of pronouncement)
DATE: January 22, 2015 (Date of publication)
AY: 2008-09
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CITATION:
While delay in recovery of debt from AE is an "international transaction", it is a part of the transaction of sale and its ALP has to be evaluated on an overall basis

After the insertion of explanation to section 92B(1), the payment or deferred payment or receivable or any debt arising during the course of business fall under the expression international transaction as per explanation. Therefore, in view of the expanded meaning of the international transaction as contemplated under clause (i) (e) of explanation to section 92B(1), the delay in realization of dues from the AE in comparison to non-AE would certainly falls in the ambit of international transaction. However, this transaction of allowing the credit period to AE on realization of sale proceeds is not an independent international transaction but it is a closely linked or continuous transaction along with sale transaction to the AE. The credit period allowed to the party depends upon various factors which also includes the price charged by the assessee from purchaser. Therefore, the credit period extended by the assessee to the AE cannot be examined independently but has to be considered along with the main international transaction being sale to the AE

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DATE: January 21, 2015 (Date of pronouncement)
DATE: January 22, 2015 (Date of publication)
AY: 2007-08
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CITATION:
S. 5(1) r.w. Art 16(1) of DTAA: Taxability of stock options allotted outside India by foreign co to NOR employee for services rendered in India considered

Without ascertaining how much of the SOTP is attributable to services rendered in India, the entire amount cannot be made taxable only because the money was received in India. Therefore, we are of the view that the assessee having residential status of ‘not ordinarily resident’, only that portion of the stock awards and SOTP attributable to services rendered in India can form part of total income for the assessment year

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DATE: January 13, 2015 (Date of pronouncement)
DATE: January 21, 2015 (Date of publication)
AY: -
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CITATION:
S. 11 (charity) and 12AA (cancellation of registration): Important propositions of law laid down

s.12AA(3) has no retrospective effect as it is neither explanatory nor clarificatory in nature and the CIT has no power to rescind the order passed by the CIT prior to 1st Oct.2004. For an assessee to be classified as charitable under the residuary category i.e. “advancement of any other object of general public utility” u/s 2(15) of the Act, the following four factors have to be satisfied

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DATE: January 16, 2015 (Date of pronouncement)
DATE: January 21, 2015 (Date of publication)
AY: 2006-07
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CITATION:
(i) ALP of interest on loan granted to European AE has to be based on Euribor, (ii) If technical know-how is transferred by reserving certain rights, there is no "transfer" for s. 2(47) capital gains, (iii) interest u/s 244A is not taxable if withdrawn

Though, technical know-how is a capital asset, it does not necessarily follow that all receipts from exploitation of such asset are to be treated as capital receipts. Revenue receipts can also be generated by exploiting capital assets

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DATE: January 16, 2015 (Date of pronouncement)
DATE: January 21, 2015 (Date of publication)
AY: 2006-07
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CITATION:
S. 92D/ 271G: Penalty for non-filing of transfer pricing documents cannot be levied in a general manner

It is trite law that in penalty proceedings, the assessee needs to be made aware of the exact nature of charge which is leveled against him. This is so because the assessee is suppose to give a reply on the specific allegation and not on the assumptive allegation

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DATE: January 14, 2015 (Date of pronouncement)
DATE: January 21, 2015 (Date of publication)
AY: 2008-09
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CITATION:
Important law on recognition of revenue in the context of taxability of advance received for transfer of home video & satellite broadcasting for a period of five years explained

In CIT Vs Birla Gwalior Pvt. Ltd. 89 ITR 266, the Supreme Court had occasion to consider the question of accrual and the effect of subsequent events thereon. In this case Supreme Court made a distinction between “Real Income” and “hypothetical income” and stated that it is the real accrual of income that has to be taken into consideration and not a hypothetical accrual of income

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DATE: January 19, 2015 (Date of pronouncement)
DATE: January 21, 2015 (Date of publication)
AY: 2003-04
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CITATION:
S. 147: Assessment cannot be reopened in the absence of "fresh material"

The order passed by the assessing authority extracted above unmistakably shows that even at that stage it had no fresh material available to it so as to exercise the jurisdiction available under Sections 147/148 of Income Tax Act. It was, thus, taking a fresh call on the subject of assessment of income (i.e. re-assessment), drawing conclusions and inferences from the same very material that had been scrutinized in the original assessment proceedings

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